Hi guys. I am new here, please no offensive language.

Please forgive my spelling and language. I have a problem with my car and need your expert advise.

My 2005 Cobalt Sedan has the following:

1. When I start the car, the oil lamp turns on it has a strange noise in the engine. When I run the car it has like a knocking sound in first and second shift or when it has to make effort on a hill. A mechanic listened to it and said that I have to change an additional filter in the motor? Does this car have an additional oil filter other than the one visible.? He said this can cause a serious damage to it if this maintenance is not done. I change the oil with the recommend one ( 5 quarts) and a new oil filter also.

2. Today the car does not start, the battery is new. A 1000 amp battery. Since I don't have the owners manual, is this battery enough or does it require a higher amp? This problem started last week, some guys wrote it may be the alternator, but after the car started even reading low amp with my amp reader like 12.0, 12.5 and going to 13.50 and 14.0 no lights came in the dash or the never stopped while running or making stopping on traffic lights.

If I get a friends help I will take it to Advance Auto to check it in the machine to see if the alternator is bad. Other than that I will appreciate if questions answered.